Virginia Equitable Distribution: To Modify a QDRO . . . or Stopping Scoundrels

What happens when your spouse liquidates a retirement account after the divorce but before you get your share of it?  Can the court enter a new order letting you get a share of another account to make up for it?  Or are you just screwed?  The Virginia Court of Appeals faced these questions in Forest v. Forest, Record No. 0836-12-4 and held that you are not just screwed. Continue reading

Virginia Equitable Distribution: The Negative Equity Scenario

How do Virginia courts address real estate having negative equity in divorce cases?  Well, sometimes they don’t address them at all.

In Fox v. Fox, Record No. 0643-12-1 (Va. Ct. App. 2012), the parties jointly owned two homes with significant negative equity.  The parties could not afford either home and they did not qualify for refinancing.  In addition, neither party was clamoring to have the houses sold any time soon given that they would each suffer a substantial shortfall on their mortgages.  As such, the trial court was left in the position where a spousal buyout was altogether impossible and a forced sale was hardly desirable for either party.  So was the trial court nevertheless required to divide these jointly owned homes per an equitable distribution under Va. Code § 20-107.3? Continue reading

Virginia Spousal Support: Proof of Cohabitation

What types of evidence do courts want to hear to disprove cohabitation?

In Harris v. Harris, Record No. 1957-11-2 (Va. Ct. App. 2012), an ex-husband sought to terminate his spousal support obligation on the basis that his ex-wife was cohabiting in a relationship analogous to a marriage for over one year.  In that case, the Virginia Court of Appeals upheld the trial court’s finding that the ex-wife and her boyfriend do not live together.  Here is the evidence in a nutshell: Continue reading

Virginia Wedding Gifts: Lord of the Rings

Is a wedding ring or other wedding gift marital property or separate property upon divorce in Virginia?

Virginia Code § 20-107.3 defines separate property as, inter alia, all property, real and personal, acquired by either party before the marriage, and marital property as, inter alia, all property acquired by each party during the marriage which is not otherwise separate property.  So what happens when you receive a wedding ring before the officiant pronounces you husband and wife?  Would not the ring be treated as separate property because it was acquired before the actual marriage? Continue reading

Virginia Spousal Support: The Factors

What do Virginia courts consider in spousal support cases?

Reasons to Not Award Spousal Support in Virginia:

Virginia Code § 20-107.1(E) states that in determining whether to award spousal support in the first instance the court shall consider the circumstances and factors that contributed to the dissolution of the marriage, specifically including adultery and any other ground for divorce under the provisions of subdivision (3) or (6) of § 20-91 or § 20-95. Continue reading